Abstract:
Maize is one of the most widely used cereal crops that attract global interest in ensuring food security; with an annual production of over 1 billion metric tonnes, it covers over one-fifth of the global calories. 56% of the total grain production is used for animal feed, and only 13% is used for human food. Its production is associated with the generation of different by-products (leaves, stalk, husk, and cobs), some of which are used as animal feed, and others are left or burned in the field. The by-products were proven to have high energy value and therefore considered promising feedstocks for biofuel production.
