Историографический обзор документов, связанных с жизнью и деятельностью архитектора Александра Бернардацци (1831-1907) в Бессарабии (По материалам Национального Архива Республики Молдова)

Abstract

This article was dedicated to one of the talented architect Alexander Bernardazzi (1831-1907) and prepared on the base of archival documents of the National Archive of Moldova. The creativity of leading architect Alexander Bernardazzi was the most evident for the second half of the XIX century. The image of the city of Kishinev (now it is Chisinau) became more eclectic thanking to some buildings which were projected by him and another famous architect Henry Lonsky. It was reflected in the constructions of the railway station, temporary theatre, city club and bank, the Noble Assembly, all of which were built according to the designs of these architects in that time. Archival documents provide evidence of the beginning of the architectural career of Bernardazzi, when after graduating from the Petersburg construction college in 1850, he was appointed as the technician for the arrangement of Bessarabian towns. He took part in the organization of the third market at the Forest square in Kishinev in 1855. This was the first example of his creative work in Kishinev. Alexander Bernardazzi executed his duty as chief municipal architect from 1856 to 1878. This architect constructed the graceful rail which was real decoration of Kishinev city garden for many years and was the author of many wonderful buildings in Bessarabia such as: the Lutheran school, Greek Church, Manuk-Bey‟s palace; a number of houses for Ryshkan-Derozhinsky Donich, Casso, Theodosiu; the gravestone of Markov monument; the Church of the girls' school and the reconstructed gymnasium building, as well as Bendery Catholic chapel, all station buildings on the Bendery Galats railroad, military jetties for loading near Reni on the Danube river. etc. Bernardazzi took active part in paving many streets in Kishinev, constructing its urban water supply. After arriving in Odessa in 1878, Alexander Bernardazzi designed some social and civil buildings in Bessarabia, which became the best examples of European architecture.