Problema universaliilor în filosofia medievală

Abstract

One of the central issues of medieval philosophy is the nature of general concepts called significant: universals quarrel, which has begun in antiquity, Plato and Aristotle. The discussion returns over half a millennium, when neoplatonicienii were asked what are the categories of Aristotle: being (òντα), noemi (νοηματα) or vocal sounds (φωναί). Following discussions in the twelfth century reveals two trends: realism and nominalism. Realists tried to prove that universaliilee (concepts) are real, if there substantiality self, and nominalists the contrary - the universal (concept, idea) is not independent, it is not self-contained, perfect, etc. substantially, but names (flotus vocis) genera.